What should be done if a conscious patient is unable to talk due to airway obstruction?

When a conscious patient is unable to talk due to an airway obstruction, the best course of action is to encourage the patient to cough. Coughing is a natural reflex that can help to expel an obstruction from the airway when the obstruction is partial. Additionally, performing "j-trusts," also known as "trust the patient," refers to providing reassurance and support while the patient attempts to dislodge the obstruction themselves, as they may be able to clear their airway or at least create airflow, allowing them to breathe.

Encouraging coughing takes advantage of the patient's ability to control their own airway and may resolve the situation without having to resort to more invasive measures. In cases where coughing isn't effective, further intervention such as the Heimlich maneuver may be necessary, but it is important to first give the patient the opportunity to help themselves if possible.